Archive for ‘Uncategorized’

June 15, 2014

Oral History Interviews – Robin Butler

Thank you to antique dealer Robin Butler – Butler’s Antiques – for generously being an interviewee for the Antique Dealer Project. Robin has been in the trade for over 50 years, having first started in the father’s antique business, G. Noel Butler, in Honiton, Devon in the late 1950s.  Here’s Robin, at his home in Braintree.

Robin Butler

Robin Butler

Robin, who is also a noted author of several books on antique wine accessories, and antique furniture, has some fascinating memories of the antique trade.  He told us about his father’s shop/house in Honiton, established in the 1930s – and which is still in the family, now run by Robin’s brother Roderick, at Marwood House Robin also outlined how he became a specialist dealer in wine antiques, following a very successful exhibition he staged at his shop at 8 and a half High Street Honiton in the 1980s; and how he became the (temporary) owner of a spectacular giltwood sofa, formerly the property of William Beckford from Fonthill Splendens

We hope to put some extracts from the oral history interviews on the project website over the next few weeks, so keep you eye on the project!

Mark

May 30, 2014

Antique Dealing….and other practices

The history of the trade in antiques is composed of a complex mixture of overlapping practices and activities. In the early 19th century, when we can say that the present trade began, antique and curiosity dealers emerged from the furniture-making community, from the ‘rag-trade’, the second -hand trade more generally, and modern china and glass sellers….amongst others…. ..if you’re interested, see my work A Biographical Dictionary of 19th Century Antique and Curiosity Dealers (Regional Furniture Society, 2009 & 2011 – copies still available!…£20…(sorry about the advert!….) – But anyway, historically, the trade has always comprised a series of interrelated selling and manufacturing practices.  Indeed, during the course of the investigations for the current project and the history of the antique trade in the 20th century these overlapping practices continued – here’s just one example of the practices of ‘antique dealing’ operating alongside other activities – some of these are obvious (interior decorating for example, and furniture making…which many dealers today are involved in). But antique dealers have also regularly sold a range of ‘modern’ things alongside what one might describe as ‘traditional’ antiques (the notion of ‘antique’ is quite obviously a mutable term!).

Anyway, Martin Levy (of Blairman & Sons, London) sent us this image of a tea-cup and saucer, which was apparently retailed by Blairman, when the firm was then trading in Llandudno, Wales (they had a shop there from the 1880s).

Photograph copyright Blairman & Sons, London

Photograph copyright Blairman & Sons, London

Photograph copyright, Blairman & Sons, London.

Photograph copyright, Blairman & Sons, London.

We reckon the tea-cup and saucer dates from c.1890-1910, so would have been a ‘modern’ thing when sold by Blairman at the time. The retailing of ‘contemporary’ products is interesting, especially given the recent shift to the contemporary and the changes in the activities of, what were often considered to be ‘traditional’ dealerships – it’s now not that unusual to enter an ‘antique shop’ and be confronted by modern and contemporary design amongst the ‘brown furniture’ and ‘antique’ objects…..

There are many other examples of other practices that the antique trade have been involved in over the years and we hope to include information of these activities as part of our ‘cultural geography’ of the antique trade…

Mark

 

 

May 24, 2014

Oral History Interviews – Kath’s Button Box

We’ve started the oral history interviews for the Antique Dealers project.  This week I interviewed Kathleen Skin, about her time at Portobello Road antiques market during the 1950s and 1960s; and her time at Grays Antiques market in the 1980s. Kathleen is 93 years old, and has absolutely fascinating memories about buying and selling a whole range of things. Here’s Kathleen, in her home at Cambridge.

Kathleen Skin May 2014

Kathleen Skin, 2014

Kathleen told us about life on Portobello Road, antique dealing for ‘fun’, and some extraordinary things she bought – including a silver belt with Wedgwood ‘Jasperware’ plaques and a rare 18th century doll (which she sold to the Bethnal Green Museum of Childhood now the V&A Museum of Childhood). Kathleen began to specialize in buttons, (she still loves buttons!), and continued her trading at Grays Antiques Market in the 1980s, as ‘Kath’s Button Box’. Here’s some of the shops and stalls in Portobello Road in the mid 1970s……

Portobello Road in the 1970s

Portobello Road in the 1970s

All of the project interviews we are collecting , including the interview with Kathleen, will be archived and made available via the project website as the project develops.

Mark

May 4, 2014

Wartime and the antiques trade

Geoffrey Hill, courtesy of the Hill family

Geoffrey Hill, courtesy of the Hill family

Working through the Kelly’s directories for Essex has revealed a small but rather stable group of dealers plying their trade in the county thus far but, having started work on the directory for 1914 this morning, I started to think about the more unusual links between the trade and the two world wars. Obviously many shops went out of business in this period both as a result of the huge numbers of casualties and the resulting loss of expertise and also the dire economic conditions that resulted from both periods of conflict. However the wartime periods also led to a number of determined young men and women returning from active service and wondering whether the antiques trade might offer them the chance to start afresh in what must have seemed like a brave new world.

Geoffrey Hill joined the RAF reserve forces in late 1938, becoming a full-time pilot in 1939 and serving in 65 squadron throughout the battle of Britain. Whilst flying a mission in February of 1941 he was shot down and forced to abandon his aircraft, leading to his capture by German forces. Mr Hill was sent to Stalag Luft 111. He promptly escaped from the prison camp on three occasions, leading to his imprisonment in Colditz for the rest of the war. Whilst in Colditz, Mr Hill made use of his German language skills and the availability of what was presumably a well-stocked prison library, reading all he could about antiques and antique furniture in particular.

When hostilities ended, Geoffrey Hill, now an MBE due to his bravery during the war, set up in business in London as Jeremy Ltd, soon moving to the Kings Road and, many years later, to Lowndes Street in Belgravia. His hours of study at Colditz had clearly been time well-spent as he soon built up a reputation as one of the world’s leading experts in English and continental furniture and objets d’art, helping to form many major collections in the process. Amongst his many achievements, he served as president of the British Antique Dealers Association and was a long time exhibitor and member of the vetting committees at the Grosvenor House fair. By the time of his death in 1997 his two sons Michael and John had taken over the running of the business and John Hill continues to run the business as a consultancy to this day. It is remarkable to think that, however indirectly, the horrors of the second world war led to the discovery and sale of some of the finest works of art from the 18th and 19th centuries.

For a fuller account of Geoffrey Hill’s wartime career, please see this link

If anyone has other stories about the activities of members of the trade during the wars then please get in touch.

 

Chris Coles

Volunteer project research assistant

 

 

May 4, 2014

Entire Stock Sold – Walter Bird 1956

We’re discovering some fascinating stories about the trade as part of the research for the Antique Dealer Project – including some stories that I thought were completely apocryphal……the story of the ‘Rich American’ buying up the entire stock of a dealer, for example. Well, it seems that this did happen (how often, we’ve yet to discover).  In 1956, Walter Bird, who was then trading at 112 Kensington Church Street, London (see the image of the exterior of his shop in blog entry for April 22nd) sold his ‘entire stock’ to an American buyer. Here’s Mr and Mrs Bird, in their shop:

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The Antiques Yearbook 1957-8 recorded the event; ‘It was into this shop last year that an American stranger walked and drawled “Say, Mr Bird, what will you take for the whole lot?” In no time a deal involving many thousands of pounds (and a hundred chandeliers apart from 20 years’ accumulation of china, glass, silver and furniture) was concluded, surely the most remarkable ever’ (AYB, (1957), p.130). Bird, who was then the President of the Kensington Antique Dealers’ Association, reassured his customers that he was still trading, taking an advert in AYB:

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Bird managed to re-stock his shop and continued trading of course.  If anyone else knows of any other instances of entire stock of dealers being purchased in one transaction do let us know!

Mark

May 3, 2014

Volunteer Researcher – Chris Coles

Our response to ‘Get Involved’ in the Antique Dealer Project has it’s latest enthusiastic responder!…Chris Coles, of the Department of Prints and Drawings at the British Museum has pledged his help (and…that of his family…!)…Thanks Chris and Family for all your help so far. Only days in and already we have several Excel Spreadsheets (for Essex Trade Directories from the early 1920s) submitted for uploading to the developing interactive website…Brilliant Work!…And Chris is also helping out with Blogging…you can read his first post, on the infamous Antique Dealer Wilfred Bull, (prior post, below).

Chris send us an ‘representation’ of him (and his family) – the image, Chris tells us, represents his, and his families collecting interests….just as well…an empty decanter could indicate other ‘interests’!…

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Chris Coles..and Family…(collecting interests of, that is!)

Chris also composed a short biography for the project website(s)….

Hello, my name is Chris Coles. I work at the British Museum but I live for antiques! I started with cufflinks and stickpins and those are still the mainstays of my collection but I am also passionately interested in 18th century English furniture, Chelsea and Worcester porcelains, early English carpets and needlework, glass and decorative accessories (particularly those made from Blue John).  As well as the pieces themselves I’ve always been fascinated by dealer ephemera and have stacks of old Connoisseur magazines, Grosvenor House Fair catalogues and dealer brochures. When I read about this project in the ATG I was extremely keen to get involved as it seemed like a perfect way to combine my interests and my skills and hopefully play a small part in something that will have a lasting positive impact on the trade and its reputation.  I’ve roped my parents in to help with the project too and together we’re making our way through Kelly’s trade directories. I’d encourage anyone with even a passing interest in the trade to get involved in the project – it’s extremely satisfying watching your part of the data come together.

Chris.

………Many thanks Chris for all your excellent help so far!

If anyone else would like to come forward as a volunteer researcher please do email us: antiquedealers@leeds.ac.uk

Mark

April 30, 2014

Bull in a furniture shop?

In certain circles there has always been a certain degree of bad feeling towards the antiques trade-in rather the same way as lawyers and second-hand car salesmen. Needless to say this is almost always undeserved and seems to stem largely from jealousy, particularly due to the level of mark-up applied by a successful dealer selling a piece that they may have bought very cheaply for example. In this post I would like to focus on one notorious dealer who has gained a lot of adverse press coverage over the years. In this case, however, there is no doubt that the bad press is wholly proportionate.

Wilfred Bull was an Essex-based furniture dealer who made his name in the days of the antiques boom in the 70s and 80s, becoming well-known as a good trade source for the top dealers and becoming extremely rich in the process. Things changed dramatically in 1985 when he murdered his wife in his showroom and attempted to pass it off as the work of a crazed burglar. Needless to say Mr Bull ended up in prison but this wasn’t the end of his brush with infamy.  Whilst in prison he attempted to sell part of his collection of rhino horn, valued at £2 million and acquired before his imprisonment, on the black market as a way of financing his life after his expected release. Despite having his sentence extended as a result of this second indiscretion, he won a landmark Court of Appeal ruling in 1998 and was thus able to sell off part of his haul.

As with any trade there will always be a few bad apples and sadly Mr Bull’s name is now known for all of the wrong reasons.

Chris Coles,

Project volunteer research assistant.

The winding-up sale for Wilfred Bull's firm conducted by Sotheby's

The winding-up sale for Wilfred Bull’s firm conducted by Sotheby’s

April 22, 2014

Dealer’s Shops – images of developing locations and use of historic premises

Our database of images of Antique Dealer shops continues to grow. In the previous post I directed attention to the significances of the changing interior display of dealerships, and in the present post I thought it would be interesting to focus on exterior views and the range of buildings used by the trade; and to direct attention to the significance of the changing locations adopted by the trade over the course of the 20th century…..and some interesting aspects are evident – one is the growth of the ‘Country Antique Shop’.

In my earlier research into the history of the antique and curiosity trade (see publications in my research profile if you’re interested!) I made an observation that in the 19th century the emergence of the antique shop appears to have been almost exclusively an urban phenomenon, and that the ‘country antique shop’ was a later (20th century) development in the history of the trade.  This is also borne out when one investigates the store of images we have as part of this new project.  The Country Antique Shop we are so familiar with appears to have been a first half 20th century development, and here’s a selection of images we have just to give the briefest insight into this history.

Here’s an image, from 1921, of one of the most famous antique furniture dealers, Moss Harris & Sons (est 1868)…at 40-54 New Oxford Strett, London.

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There have been many hundreds of dealers in London of course; here’s just one more, Walter Bird’s shop, Kensington Church Street, London, an image taken in c.1945:

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Beyond antique shops in London and other urban areas such as Manchester and Birmingham, as well as in historic towns such as Bath and Warwick, the ‘country antique shop’ appears to have begun to proliferate from the second quarter of the 20th century – with an increased expansion during the 1940s and 1950s, which seems to have been a particularly important period. Locations such as ‘The Cotswolds’ and tourist towns in Sussex, Devon etc., appear to have been the preferred locations for many dealers during this period.

Here’s Forge House, Broadway, Worcestershire, in 1953; and one can also note that the historical nature of the building itself is a key driver for the appropriate adoption of such premises by the trade:

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Here’s Shirley Brown’s ‘shop’, at Tredington, Warwickshire, also in 1953:

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And, to close, a couple of ‘shops’ in Devon, that illustrate the wide range of buildings, and trading practices, adopted by the trade; here’s A K Halsey, Boffins Boft, Kingsbridge, Devon, also taken in 1953.

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And finally, R. E. Martin, trading from home, as it appears…at ‘Tucketts’, Trusham, near Chudleigh, Devon, in 1961.

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The project will be investigating the history of these locations, changing trading premises, and other developments as part of this broader ‘cultural history’ of the Antique Trade in the 20th century….so watch this space!

Mark

April 6, 2014

Images of Dealer shops

Recently been gathering more and more images of antique dealer shops, interior photographs as well as exterior photographs, so I thought I’d share a few images – we will be creating a database of images for the interactive website, and once that goes ‘live’ everyone will be able to see all the images we have to date – we’ve only just started to scratch the surface here, so there will be many, many more images to come, but at present I reckon we have a few hundred images….

Anyway, here’s some to whet the appetite – they are actually quite revealing about display practices in the antique trade at various points in the 20th century. Here’s ‘C. Charles’ shop – (this is J. Duveen’s brother, Charles Duveen, who was paid by his brother not to use the surname Duveen..); the date of the image is c.1903, when C. Charles traded at 27-29 New Bond Street, London.

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The stock seems typical for a ‘high-end’ dealer, selling mainly to ‘Gilded Age’ American clients.  The display seems to be sightly more dispersed than many of the packed-out displays in antique and curiosity shops of the 19th century, but there’s still a fairly random jumble of various objects; there’s certainly no attempt here to replicate a ‘historic room’ display, or to theme the objects in any recognizable sense.

Contrast Charles Duveen’s gallery with a display of c.1903 of the house furnishers, furniture makers, and antique dealers, ‘Gillows’, 406 Oxford Street, London; Waring and Gillow was established in 1897, following the merger of Gillows (Lancaster), (est c.1730) and Waring of Liverpool. As ‘house furnishers’ Gillows have chosen to create a ‘room set’ effect; there’s also an obvious mixture of ‘antiques’ with reproductions made by the firm itself.

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To set these metropolitan dealer shops in a contrast, here’s a provincial dealership, Perry and Phillips, trading in Bridgnorth, Shropshire –

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The photograph is of their shop interior in c.1922 – quite a packed-out display, which must have been typical of many antique shops in the period – they have resonance to the displays of antique shops in the 19th century, and we still encounter such modes of display today of course.

Some, specialist dealerships, required different, discrete modes of display – this astonishing (to me anyway) image of the interior of the famous dealer in Chinese Works of Art, John Sparks, of c.1937, when Sparks was trading at 128 Mount Street, London (still a very smart address), is indicative of specialist methods of display, illustrative of the potential modes of engagement with the objects themselves.

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The display obviously keys into the evolving aesthetic of British Modernism at the time, but also nods towards the specific modes of engagement, and the significance of the optic and the haptic in the appreciation of such works of art; it’s also worth pointing out that the display also keys into the stripped back, minimalist aesthetics of Chinese and Japanese art works themselves.  John Sparks had created a very carefully planned, very thoughtful response to the objects that they sold, and produced a display that does look astonishingly modern.

Mark

March 29, 2014

Project Advisory Board Meeting at Temple Newsam House, Leeds

We had our 2nd Advisory Board meeting at Temple Newsam House in Leeds on Friday 28th March. Thank you to our Advisory Board members (Reinhold Behringer, Georgina Gough, Martin Levy, James Lomax, Camilla Nichol, Judith Phillips, Emma Slocombe, and Christopher Wilk) for their continued support, advice and counsel for the Antique Dealers project. We thank James Lomax and Martin Levy, who did a little ‘trade tour’ of the collections at Temple Newsam House –

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Temple Newsam House

James is emeritus curator of Temple Newsam, and Martin is the director of H. Blairman and Sons and they both talked so engagingly about the decorative and fine art objects that entered the collections via the antiques trade and are on display at Temple Newsam. Indeed, Martin had many personal recollections of the acquisition stories of many of the objects on display, including a set of 4 giltwood torcheres (see below) which Martin discovered in an auction in Switzerland in 2007 and negotiated their return to Temple Newsam House – they were originally supplied to Temple Newsam by James Pascall, for the Picture Gallery, in the 1740s, but sold from the house in 1922.

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Giltwood Torcheres by James Pascall, c.1746

There were lots of fascinating anecdotes from James and Martin, stories that one never hears about – especially when one considers  the acquisition of museum objects! Some of the stories of the acquisition of objects at Temple Newsam are public knowledge – (for example, the then, in 1965, world record price of £43,050 for the Chippendale Library Table, formerly at Harewood House in Yorkshire) –

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Library Table, by Thomas Chippendale, c.1771.

But Martin also told us that his father, George Levy, who bid at auction for the table, only just managed to acquire the table on behalf of Leeds City Collections (of which Temple Newsam House is a part) – George Levy managed to persuade the consortium of philanthropists who wished to buy the table for Leeds to allow him to go just one extra bid over their suggested limit for the table…..it very nearly got away!

There were so many more fascinating stories about the acquisition of some of the objects at Temple Newsam…part of the research project is to investigate these ‘hidden histories’!

Mark

 

 

 

Home Subjects

a working group dedicated to the display of art in the private interior, c. 1715-1914

The Period Room: Museum, Material, Experience

An International Conference hosted by The Bowes Museum and The University of Leeds

H. Blairman & Sons Ltd

A research project investigating the history of the antiques trade in Britain in the 19th & 20th centuries

Museum Studies Now?

'Museum Studies Now?' is an event which aims to discuss and debate museum and heritage studies education provision.

The Burlington Magazine Index Blog

art writing * art works * art market

East India Company at Home, 1757-1857

A research project investigating the history of the antiques trade in Britain in the 19th & 20th centuries